豬丹毒
1. 疾病描述
病因：
豬丹毒桿菌（Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae）
年齡層：
好發於55～80公斤生長肥育豬，成豬、種豬亦可感染。
臨床症狀：
1.甚急性型：
A.好發於55～80公斤生長肥育豬。
B.突然死亡，高熱（41.1～42.8℃），皮膚呈暗紅色。
2.急性型：
A.好發於女豬、年輕公豬以及肥育豬。
B.高熱（41.1～42.2℃）。
C.部份或完全無食慾，常趴在地面不願走動；糞便乾硬，小豬下痢，懷孕母豬流產，哺乳中的母豬停止泌乳。
D.皮膚呈蕁麻疹形或呈紫紅色菱形（或四角形）突起斑疹，指壓褪色，最終在耳翼及尾部末端或大面積的皮膚病變壞死脫落。
3.慢性型：
A.關節炎：關節腫大，僵直，跛行。
B.心內膜炎引起瓣膜閉鎖不全，有時會突然死亡。
解剖病變：
1.甚急性型：除了皮膚充血外，無其他特殊病變。
2.急性型：
A.敗血症使鼻、耳、下顎、喉、腹部、臀部皮下鬱血。
&B.肺水腫、鬱血，淋巴結出血與腫大，脾臟腫大，腎被膜、胸膜、腹膜及心包膜點狀出血。
3.慢性型：
A.增生性非化膿性關節炎。
;B.增生性心內膜炎。
C.腎、脾臟梗塞。.腎、脾臟梗塞。
感染性：
會傳染到其他豬隻。
豬丹毒桿菌（Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae）
年齡層：
好發於55～80公斤生長肥育豬，成豬、種豬亦可感染。
臨床症狀：
1.甚急性型：
A.好發於55～80公斤生長肥育豬。
B.突然死亡，高熱（41.1～42.8℃），皮膚呈暗紅色。
2.急性型：
A.好發於女豬、年輕公豬以及肥育豬。
B.高熱（41.1～42.2℃）。
C.部份或完全無食慾，常趴在地面不願走動；糞便乾硬，小豬下痢，懷孕母豬流產，哺乳中的母豬停止泌乳。
D.皮膚呈蕁麻疹形或呈紫紅色菱形（或四角形）突起斑疹，指壓褪色，最終在耳翼及尾部末端或大面積的皮膚病變壞死脫落。
3.慢性型：
A.關節炎：關節腫大，僵直，跛行。
B.心內膜炎引起瓣膜閉鎖不全，有時會突然死亡。
解剖病變：
1.甚急性型：除了皮膚充血外，無其他特殊病變。
2.急性型：
A.敗血症使鼻、耳、下顎、喉、腹部、臀部皮下鬱血。
&B.肺水腫、鬱血，淋巴結出血與腫大，脾臟腫大，腎被膜、胸膜、腹膜及心包膜點狀出血。
3.慢性型：
A.增生性非化膿性關節炎。
;B.增生性心內膜炎。
C.腎、脾臟梗塞。.腎、脾臟梗塞。
感染性：
會傳染到其他豬隻。
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來源：財團法人農業科技研究院 財團法人農業科技研究院
肉豬，皮膚，菱形斑
肉豬，皮膚，菱形斑
來源：財團法人農業科技研究院 財團法人農業科技研究院
肉豬，皮膚，菱形斑
肉豬，皮膚，菱形斑
來源：財團法人農業科技研究院 財團法人農業科技研究院
上市豬，皮膚，菱形斑 ，全身性
上市豬，皮膚，菱形斑 ，全身性
來源：
豬丹毒典型菱狀皮斑
豬丹毒典型菱狀皮斑
來源：
豬丹毒典型菱狀皮斑
豬丹毒典型菱狀皮斑
來源：
豬丹毒
豬丹毒
來源：Keebovet
Clinical Findings The acute and chronic forms of swine erysipelas may occur in sequence or separately. Pigs that succumb to the acute septicemic form may die suddenly without previous clinical signs. This form occurs most frequently in growing and finishing pigs. Acutely infected pigs are depressed, febrile (104–108°F [40–42°C]), and are reluctant to stand and move. Affected pigs squeal excessively when handled, require assistance to stand, and prefer to lie down soon after being forced to stand. Affected pigs may also walk stiffly on their toes and shift weight from limb to limb when standing. Anorexia and thirst are common, and febrile pigs will often seek wet, cool areas to lie down. Skin discoloration may vary from widespread erythema and purplish discoloration of the ears, snout, and abdomen, to diamond-shaped skin lesions almost anywhere on the body, but particularly on the lateral and dorsal regions. The lesions may occur as discrete, pink or purple areas of varying size that become raised and firm to the touch within 2–3 days of illness. They may disappear over the course of a week or progress to a more chronic type of lesion such as diamond-skin disease. If untreated, necrosis and separation of large areas of skin can occur, and the tips of the ears and tail may become necrotic and slough. Clinical disease is usually sporadic and affects individuals or small groups, but sometimes larger outbreaks occur. Mortality is variable (0–100%) and death may occur up to 6 days after the first signs of illness. Acutely affected pregnant sows may abort, probably due to the fever, and lactating sows may show agalactia. Untreated pigs may develop the chronic form of the disease, usually characterized by chronic arthritis, vegetative valvular endocarditis, or both. Such lesions may also be seen in pigs with no previous signs of septicemia. Valvular endocarditis is most common in mature or young adult pigs and is frequently manifest by death, usually from embolism or cardiac insufficiency. Chronic arthritis, the most common form of chronic infection, produces mild to severe lameness. Affected joints may be difficult to detect initially but eventually become hot and painful to the touch and later visibly enlarged. Dark purple, necrotic skin lesions that commonly slough may be seen. Mortality in chronic cases is low, but growth rate is retarded. For veterinary animal surgical products used, please go to http://www.keebovet.com.
Clinical Findings The acute and chronic forms of swine erysipelas may occur in sequence or separately. Pigs that succumb to the acute septicemic form may die suddenly without previous clinical signs. This form occurs most frequently in growing and finishing pigs. Acutely infected pigs are depressed, febrile (104–108°F [40–42°C]), and are reluctant to stand and move. Affected pigs squeal excessively when handled, require assistance to stand, and prefer to lie down soon after being forced to stand. Affected pigs may also walk stiffly on their toes and shift weight from limb to limb when standing. Anorexia and thirst are common, and febrile pigs will often seek wet, cool areas to lie down. Skin discoloration may vary from widespread erythema and purplish discoloration of the ears, snout, and abdomen, to diamond-shaped skin lesions almost anywhere on the body, but particularly on the lateral and dorsal regions. The lesions may occur as discrete, pink or purple areas of varying size that become raised and firm to the touch within 2–3 days of illness. They may disappear over the course of a week or progress to a more chronic type of lesion such as diamond-skin disease. If untreated, necrosis and separation of large areas of skin can occur, and the tips of the ears and tail may become necrotic and slough. Clinical disease is usually sporadic and affects individuals or small groups, but sometimes larger outbreaks occur. Mortality is variable (0–100%) and death may occur up to 6 days after the first signs of illness. Acutely affected pregnant sows may abort, probably due to the fever, and lactating sows may show agalactia. Untreated pigs may develop the chronic form of the disease, usually characterized by chronic arthritis, vegetative valvular endocarditis, or both. Such lesions may also be seen in pigs with no previous signs of septicemia. Valvular endocarditis is most common in mature or young adult pigs and is frequently manifest by death, usually from embolism or cardiac insufficiency. Chronic arthritis, the most common form of chronic infection, produces mild to severe lameness. Affected joints may be difficult to detect initially but eventually become hot and painful to the touch and later visibly enlarged. Dark purple, necrotic skin lesions that commonly slough may be seen. Mortality in chronic cases is low, but growth rate is retarded. For veterinary animal surgical products used, please go to http://www.keebovet.com.
來源：ali kausar
來源：Keebovet
Watch how a veterinarian helps swine with erysipelas by giving it medication. For veterinary animal surgical products used, please go to http://www.keebovet.com.
Watch how a veterinarian helps swine with erysipelas by giving it medication. For veterinary animal surgical products used, please go to http://www.keebovet.com.
2. 診斷方式
診斷方法：
1.臨床症狀，具有特徵性的菱形皮膚病變。
2.細菌分離：關節液最好。
3.對青黴素的治療反應。
類症鑑別：
放線桿菌胸膜肺炎、沙氏桿菌症、豬瘟、巴氏桿菌症、弓蟲症。
人畜共患影響：
本病為人畜共通傳染病。在人類，稱為類丹毒（Erysipeloid），幾乎為局部感染，且大都屬於職業性接觸，如畜牧場、養雞場、屠宰場、捕魚船之工作人員、魚市場販售人員、廚師、實驗室人員以及獸醫師等。此外，酗酒者也是類丹毒性心內膜炎危險族群之一。
1.臨床症狀，具有特徵性的菱形皮膚病變。
2.細菌分離：關節液最好。
3.對青黴素的治療反應。
類症鑑別：
放線桿菌胸膜肺炎、沙氏桿菌症、豬瘟、巴氏桿菌症、弓蟲症。
人畜共患影響：
本病為人畜共通傳染病。在人類，稱為類丹毒（Erysipeloid），幾乎為局部感染，且大都屬於職業性接觸，如畜牧場、養雞場、屠宰場、捕魚船之工作人員、魚市場販售人員、廚師、實驗室人員以及獸醫師等。此外，酗酒者也是類丹毒性心內膜炎危險族群之一。
3. 治療方法
1.病豬注射青黴素，1～2萬單位／公斤體重。
2.豬群飲水添加四環素150ppm，連用五天。
2.豬群飲水添加四環素150ppm，連用五天。
4. 預防措施
1.菌苗免疫注射，使用前一週不可使用抗生素。
2.屬於我國乙類動物傳染病，必須立即向動物防疫機關報告。
3.做好豬場自衛防禦。
2.屬於我國乙類動物傳染病，必須立即向動物防疫機關報告。
3.做好豬場自衛防禦。